Towards sustainable plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs): from greenhouses to vertical farms

Towards sustainable plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs): from greenhouses to vertical farmsPlant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) have hitherto proved too costly to be economically viable, consuming too much electricity to be considered truly sustainable. However, recent advances are changing this, and the potential advantages of PFALs are making them an attractive option. This chapter discusses the requirements of sustainable plant production systems, exploring the potential and actual benefits of PFALs. The chapter considers the

Williams and Patchen Markell

The second edition of Friedman's stage history of Shakespeare’s Titus Andronicus adds an examination of twelve major theatrical productions and one film that appeared in the years 1989-2009

The editors argue for the play’s stage-worthiness and dramatic complexity

as well as important topics such as military power

it is also the place where vegetative growth occurs and the tree develops

characters

ago-forestry

There has been a huge increase in the productivity of dairy cows over the last half a century

As Ian Fleming once famously opined about actions in war: “Once is happenstance

The Creation of Markets for Ecosystem Services in the United States provides an in-depth analysis of the most advanced efforts to create markets for ecosystem services in the United States

focusing particularly on its accession to the EU and the aftermath

income generation and health of African people